Spring Boot 整合邮件服务

参考教程

首先参考了 Spring Boot整合邮件配置,这篇文章写的很好,按照上面的操作一步步走下去就行了。

遇到的问题

版本配置

然后因为反复配置版本很麻烦,所以参考了 如何统一引入 Spring Boot 版本?

FreeMarker

在配置 FreeMarker 时,发现找不到 FreeMarkerConfigurer 类,参考了 springboot整合Freemark模板(详尽版) 发现要添加 web 模块。

测试注解

在使用测试类的时候,我只添加了 @SpringBootTest 注解,报空指针,参考了 测试类的@RunWith与@SpringBootTest注解 发现还要添加 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 注解。

实践结果

代码地址

完成的项目地址

核心代码

pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>      <groupId>fun.seolas</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot-mail-demo</artifactId>     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>      <parent>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>         <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>     </parent>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>         </dependency>     </dependencies>      <build>         <plugins>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>             </plugin>         </plugins>     </build>  </project> 
application.yaml
spring:   mail:     host: smtp.qq.com #发送邮件服务器     username: xxx@qq.com #QQ邮箱     password: xxx #客户端授权码     protocol: smtp #发送邮件协议     properties.mail.smtp.auth: true     properties.mail.smtp.port: 465 #端口号465或587     properties.mail.display.sendmail: aaa #可以任意     properties.mail.display.sendname: bbb #可以任意     properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable: true     properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required: true     properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable: true #开启SSL     default-encoding: utf-8   freemarker:     cache: false # 缓存配置 开发阶段应该配置为false 因为经常会改     suffix: .html # 模版后缀名 默认为ftl     charset: UTF-8 # 文件编码     template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/  # 存放模板的文件夹,以resource文件夹为相对路径  my:   toemail: xx@xx.com 
MailService.java
package fun.seolas;  import freemarker.template.Template; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;  import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import java.io.File; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map;  @Service public class MailService {     // Spring官方提供的集成邮件服务的实现类,目前是Java后端发送邮件和集成邮件服务的主流工具。     @Resource     private JavaMailSender mailSender;     @Autowired     private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer;     // 从配置文件中注入发件人的姓名     @Value("${spring.mail.username}")     private String fromEmail;      /**      * 发送文本邮件      *      * @param to      收件人      * @param subject 标题      * @param content 正文      */     public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {         SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();         message.setFrom(fromEmail); // 发件人         message.setTo(to);         message.setSubject(subject);         message.setText(content);         mailSender.send(message);     }      /**      * 发送html邮件      */     public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) throws MessagingException {         //注意这里使用的是MimeMessage         MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();         MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);         helper.setFrom(fromEmail);         helper.setTo(to);         helper.setSubject(subject);         //第二个参数:格式是否为html         helper.setText(content, true);         mailSender.send(message);     }      /**      * 发送freemarker邮件      */     public void sendTemplateMail(String to, String subject, String templatehtml) throws Exception {         // 获得模板         Template template = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate(templatehtml);         // 使用Map作为数据模型,定义属性和值         Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();         model.put("myname", "Seolas");         // 传入数据模型到模板,替代模板中的占位符,并将模板转化为html字符串         String templateHtml = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template, model);         // 该方法本质上还是发送html邮件,调用之前发送html邮件的方法         this.sendHtmlMail(to, subject, templateHtml);     }      /**      * 发送带附件的邮件      */     public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) throws MessagingException {         MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();         //要带附件第二个参数设为true         MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);         helper.setFrom(fromEmail);         helper.setTo(to);         helper.setSubject(subject);         helper.setText(content, true);          FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));         String fileName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator));         helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);          mailSender.send(message);     } }  
MailTest.java
package fun.seolas;  import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;  import javax.mail.MessagingException;  @SpringBootTest @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) public class MailTest {      @Autowired     private MailService mailService;      @Value("${my.toemail}")     private String toemail;      @Test     public void test01() {         mailService.sendSimpleMail(toemail, "普通文本邮件", "普通文本邮件内容");     }      @Test     public void test02() throws MessagingException {         mailService.sendHtmlMail(toemail, "一封html测试邮件",                 "<div style="text-align: center;position: absolute;" >n"                         + "<h3>"一封html测试邮件"</h3>n"                         + "<div>一封html测试邮件</div>n"                         + "</div>");     }      @Test     public void test3() throws Exception {         mailService.sendTemplateMail(toemail, "基于模板的html邮件", "freemarkertemp.html");     }      @Test     public void test04() throws MessagingException {         String filePath = "C:\Users\Julia\Downloads\测试.txt";         mailService.sendAttachmentsMail(toemail, "带附件的邮件", "邮件中有附件", filePath);     }  } 

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