介绍
MCXN947
NXP FRDM-MCXN947开发板是一款基于MCXN947 MCU的低成本评估板，MCU集成了双核Arm Cortex-M33微控制器和一个神经处理单元(NPU)。开发板由一个MCXN947控制器和一个64 Mbit外部串行闪存组成。该板还具有P3T1755DP I3C温度传感器，TJA1057GTK/3Z CAN PHY，以太网PHY, SDHC电路(卡槽为DNP)， RGB LED，触摸板，高速USB，按钮，和MCU-Link调试接口。该板兼容Arduino屏蔽模块，Pmod板，mikroBUS。该板还支持摄像头模块和NXP低成本LCD模块PAR-LCD-S035
开箱视频
我通过参过RT-Thread社区的活动，拿到了京东的包裹，板子的开箱视频：FRDM-MCXN947开发板开箱_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
开发环境
基本的开发资料有以下几个，软件包或者资料都可以在NXP官网、Keil的官网找到，插一句话，最近Keil免费了
- MDK531
- NXP.MCXN947_DFP.17.0.0
- rt_vsnprintf_full-latest.zip开发包
- 官方的文档：UM12018.pdf
- RT-Thread GitHub仓库最新代码
开发环境搭建请参考视频：FRDM-MCXN947开发板开发环境上手_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
实验目的
最近南方地区都在下暴雨，气候闷热潮湿，人们出门都在时刻关注天气的变化情况；刚好这个时候RT-Thread社区给我送来一款包装精致的NXP开发板，让我手头上的BME280温湿度气压传感器有了用武之地；BME280采用i2c接口和主机通信，能实时监控室内、室外的温度、湿度、大气压情况，基于它我们能做很多工业、物联网、医疗、汽车方面的应用
实验准备
我们需要准备以下材料
- NXP FRDM-MCXN947开发板
- 温湿度气压模块BME280 （i2c接口）
- SSD1306 OLED模块（i2c接口）
- 公母头杜邦线若干
模块电路
板载资源
本次实验是通过软件i2c + 硬件i2c方式来进行通信，软件i2c采用引脚P0_4 (SCL)和P0_5 (SDA) ，硬件i2c采用引脚P0_25 (SCL)和P0_24 (SDA)，前者位于J9内侧的第8和第9引脚，后者位于J2外侧的第7和第5引脚，引脚图参考如下，注意不要接错
实物连接
软件i2c口接OLED SSD1306模块，硬件i2c口接BME280模块，电源VCC和GND在J8和J6上面都有，千万别接错了！
程序设计
模块配置
克隆rt-thread官方仓库的代码，MCXN947板子的最小例程在bspnxpmcxmcxnfrdm-mcxn947目录下
git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread.git 用RT-Thread Studio导入frdm-mcxn947工程，然后打开env工具
在env终端输入命令menuconfig，配置rt-thread工程
在RT-Thread Components下找到Device Drivers并Select进去，软件i2c引脚配置如下
在Hardware Drivers Config下找到On-chip Peripheral Drivers并Select进去，硬件i2c引脚配置如下
找到RT-Thread online packages -> peripheral libraries and drivers -> ssd1306并Select进去，配置SSD1306模块，记得改掉I2c bus name和开启ssd1306的sample选项，这里名称为i2c2，和上面配置的软件i2c名称一致
配置完后通过Exit退出，先更新软件包，再导出为mdk5工程，然后用Keil5打开
pkgs --update scons --target=mdk5 编译工程
需要注释一些代码确保编译通过
ssd1306_tests.h
ssd1306.h
编码集成
SSD1306
调用初始化接口并设置背景为黑色
ssd1306_Init(); ssd1306_Fill(Black); 绘图接口示范，先往buffer里边填字符串数据，然后设置坐标，再绘制字符
rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0); rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Temp : %d'Crn",(int)temp_act); ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26); ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White); BME280
readCalibrationData、calibration_T、calibration_P、calibration_H用于读取和校准BME280的数据
static unsigned long int hum_raw,temp_raw,pres_raw; static rt_uint8_t data[8]; static signed long int t_fine; static uint16_t dig_T1; static int16_t dig_T2; static int16_t dig_T3; static uint16_t dig_P1; static int16_t dig_P2; static int16_t dig_P3; static int16_t dig_P4; static int16_t dig_P5; static int16_t dig_P6; static int16_t dig_P7; static int16_t dig_P8; static int16_t dig_P9; static int8_t dig_H1; static int16_t dig_H2; static int8_t dig_H3; static int16_t dig_H4; static int16_t dig_H5; static int8_t dig_H6; static signed long int temp_cal; static unsigned long int press_cal,hum_cal; static double temp_act; static double press_act; static double hum_act; static void readCalibrationData() { uint8_t data[32]; read_bme280_reg(0x88, data, 24); read_bme280_reg(0xa1, data + 24, 1); read_bme280_reg(0xe1, data + 25, 7); dig_T1 = (data[1] << 8) | data[0]; dig_T2 = (data[3] << 8) | data[2]; dig_T3 = (data[5] << 8) | data[4]; dig_P1 = (data[7] << 8) | data[6]; dig_P2 = (data[9] << 8) | data[8]; dig_P3 = (data[11]<< 8) | data[10]; dig_P4 = (data[13]<< 8) | data[12]; dig_P5 = (data[15]<< 8) | data[14]; dig_P6 = (data[17]<< 8) | data[16]; dig_P7 = (data[19]<< 8) | data[18]; dig_P8 = (data[21]<< 8) | data[20]; dig_P9 = (data[23]<< 8) | data[22]; dig_H1 = data[24]; dig_H2 = (data[26]<< 8) | data[25]; dig_H3 = data[27]; dig_H4 = (data[28]<< 4) | (0x0F & data[29]); dig_H5 = (data[30] << 4) | ((data[29] >> 4) & 0x0F); dig_H6 = data[31]; } static signed long int calibration_T(signed long int adc_T) { signed long int var1, var2, T; var1 = ((((adc_T >> 3) - ((signed long int)dig_T1<<1))) * ((signed long int)dig_T2)) >> 11; var2 = (((((adc_T >> 4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1)) * ((adc_T>>4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1))) >> 12) * ((signed long int)dig_T3)) >> 14; t_fine = var1 + var2; T = (t_fine * 5 + 128) >> 8; return T; } static unsigned long int calibration_P(signed long int adc_P) { signed long int var1, var2; unsigned long int P; var1 = (((signed long int)t_fine)>>1) - (signed long int)64000; var2 = (((var1>>2) * (var1>>2)) >> 11) * ((signed long int)dig_P6); var2 = var2 + ((var1*((signed long int)dig_P5))<<1); var2 = (var2>>2)+(((signed long int)dig_P4)<<16); var1 = (((dig_P3 * (((var1>>2)*(var1>>2)) >> 13)) >>3) + ((((signed long int)dig_P2) * var1)>>1))>>18; var1 = ((((32768+var1))*((signed long int)dig_P1))>>15); if (var1 == 0) { return 0; } P = (((unsigned long int)(((signed long int)1048576)-adc_P)-(var2>>12)))*3125; if(P<0x80000000) { P = (P << 1) / ((unsigned long int) var1); } else { P = (P / (unsigned long int)var1) * 2; } var1 = (((signed long int)dig_P9) * ((signed long int)(((P>>3) * (P>>3))>>13)))>>12; var2 = (((signed long int)(P>>2)) * ((signed long int)dig_P8))>>13; P = (unsigned long int)((signed long int)P + ((var1 + var2 + dig_P7) >> 4)); return P; } static unsigned long int calibration_H(signed long int adc_H) { signed long int v_x1; v_x1 = (t_fine - ((signed long int)76800)); v_x1 = (((((adc_H << 14) -(((signed long int)dig_H4) << 20) - (((signed long int)dig_H5) * v_x1)) + ((signed long int)16384)) >> 15) * (((((((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H6)) >> 10) * (((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H3)) >> 11) + ((signed long int) 32768))) >> 10) + (( signed long int)2097152)) * ((signed long int) dig_H2) + 8192) >> 14)); v_x1 = (v_x1 - (((((v_x1 >> 15) * (v_x1 >> 15)) >> 7) * ((signed long int)dig_H1)) >> 4)); v_x1 = (v_x1 < 0 ? 0 : v_x1); v_x1 = (v_x1 > 419430400 ? 419430400 : v_x1); return (unsigned long int)(v_x1 >> 12); } i2c读写接口封装
static int read_bme280_reg(rt_uint8_t reg_addr, rt_uint8_t *data, rt_uint8_t len) { struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2]; msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR; msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR; msgs[0].buf = ®_addr; msgs[0].len = 1; msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR; msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_RD; msgs[1].buf = data; msgs[1].len = len; if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) == 2) { return RT_EOK; } else return -RT_ERROR; } static int8_t write_bme280_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) { rt_uint8_t tmp = reg; struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2]; msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */ msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR; /* Write flag */ msgs[0].buf = &tmp; /* Slave register address */ msgs[0].len = 1; /* Number of bytes sent */ msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */ msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_WR | RT_I2C_NO_START; /* Read flag */ msgs[1].buf = data; /* Read data pointer */ msgs[1].len = len; /* Number of bytes read */ if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) != 2) { return -RT_ERROR; } return RT_EOK; } init_bme280用于初始化i2c设备
static int init_bme280(void) { i2c_bus = (struct rt_i2c_bus_device *) rt_device_find(BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME); if (i2c_bus == RT_NULL) { rt_kprintf("can't find %s device!n", BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME); return RT_ERROR; } rt_uint8_t data; int size = read_bme280_reg(0xD0, &data, 1); rt_kprintf("bme280 device id : %xn", data); uint8_t osrs_t = 1; //Temperature oversampling x 1 uint8_t osrs_p = 1; //Pressure oversampling x 1 uint8_t osrs_h = 1; //Humidity oversampling x 1 uint8_t mode = 3; //Normal mode uint8_t t_sb = 5; //Tstandby 1000ms uint8_t filter = 0; //Filter off uint8_t spi3w_en = 0; //3-wire SPI Disable uint8_t ctrl_meas_reg = (osrs_t << 5) | (osrs_p << 2) | mode; uint8_t config_reg = (t_sb << 5) | (filter << 2) | spi3w_en; uint8_t ctrl_hum_reg = osrs_h; write_bme280_reg(0xF2, &ctrl_hum_reg, 1); write_bme280_reg(0xF4, &ctrl_meas_reg, 1); write_bme280_reg(0xF5, &config_reg, 1); readCalibrationData(); return RT_EOK; } 将BME280的设置当作一条命令来执行
void run_bme280() { bme280_thread = rt_thread_create("bme280", bme280_entry, RT_NULL, 1024, 16, 20); if(bme280_thread != RT_NULL) { rt_thread_startup(bme280_thread); } } MSH_CMD_EXPORT(run_bme280, run bme280); 整合代码
以下代码经过测试，可以实现本次实验的所有功能
#include <rtthread.h> #include <rtdevice.h> #include "ssd1306.h" #define LED_PIN ((0*32)+10) #define BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME "i2c1" #define BME280_ADDR 0x76 #define SIZE 50 static struct rt_i2c_bus_device *i2c_bus; static rt_thread_t bme280_thread = RT_NULL; static unsigned long int hum_raw,temp_raw,pres_raw; static rt_uint8_t data[8]; static signed long int t_fine; static uint16_t dig_T1; static int16_t dig_T2; static int16_t dig_T3; static uint16_t dig_P1; static int16_t dig_P2; static int16_t dig_P3; static int16_t dig_P4; static int16_t dig_P5; static int16_t dig_P6; static int16_t dig_P7; static int16_t dig_P8; static int16_t dig_P9; static int8_t dig_H1; static int16_t dig_H2; static int8_t dig_H3; static int16_t dig_H4; static int16_t dig_H5; static int8_t dig_H6; static signed long int temp_cal; static unsigned long int press_cal,hum_cal; static double temp_act; static double press_act; static double hum_act; static char buffer[SIZE]; static signed long int calibration_T(signed long int adc_T) { signed long int var1, var2, T; var1 = ((((adc_T >> 3) - ((signed long int)dig_T1<<1))) * ((signed long int)dig_T2)) >> 11; var2 = (((((adc_T >> 4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1)) * ((adc_T>>4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1))) >> 12) * ((signed long int)dig_T3)) >> 14; t_fine = var1 + var2; T = (t_fine * 5 + 128) >> 8; return T; } static unsigned long int calibration_P(signed long int adc_P) { signed long int var1, var2; unsigned long int P; var1 = (((signed long int)t_fine)>>1) - (signed long int)64000; var2 = (((var1>>2) * (var1>>2)) >> 11) * ((signed long int)dig_P6); var2 = var2 + ((var1*((signed long int)dig_P5))<<1); var2 = (var2>>2)+(((signed long int)dig_P4)<<16); var1 = (((dig_P3 * (((var1>>2)*(var1>>2)) >> 13)) >>3) + ((((signed long int)dig_P2) * var1)>>1))>>18; var1 = ((((32768+var1))*((signed long int)dig_P1))>>15); if (var1 == 0) { return 0; } P = (((unsigned long int)(((signed long int)1048576)-adc_P)-(var2>>12)))*3125; if(P<0x80000000) { P = (P << 1) / ((unsigned long int) var1); } else { P = (P / (unsigned long int)var1) * 2; } var1 = (((signed long int)dig_P9) * ((signed long int)(((P>>3) * (P>>3))>>13)))>>12; var2 = (((signed long int)(P>>2)) * ((signed long int)dig_P8))>>13; P = (unsigned long int)((signed long int)P + ((var1 + var2 + dig_P7) >> 4)); return P; } static unsigned long int calibration_H(signed long int adc_H) { signed long int v_x1; v_x1 = (t_fine - ((signed long int)76800)); v_x1 = (((((adc_H << 14) -(((signed long int)dig_H4) << 20) - (((signed long int)dig_H5) * v_x1)) + ((signed long int)16384)) >> 15) * (((((((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H6)) >> 10) * (((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H3)) >> 11) + ((signed long int) 32768))) >> 10) + (( signed long int)2097152)) * ((signed long int) dig_H2) + 8192) >> 14)); v_x1 = (v_x1 - (((((v_x1 >> 15) * (v_x1 >> 15)) >> 7) * ((signed long int)dig_H1)) >> 4)); v_x1 = (v_x1 < 0 ? 0 : v_x1); v_x1 = (v_x1 > 419430400 ? 419430400 : v_x1); return (unsigned long int)(v_x1 >> 12); } static int read_bme280_reg(rt_uint8_t reg_addr, rt_uint8_t *data, rt_uint8_t len) { struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2]; msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR; msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR; msgs[0].buf = ®_addr; msgs[0].len = 1; msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR; msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_RD; msgs[1].buf = data; msgs[1].len = len; if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) == 2) { return RT_EOK; } else return -RT_ERROR; } static int8_t write_bme280_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) { rt_uint8_t tmp = reg; struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2]; msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */ msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR; /* Write flag */ msgs[0].buf = &tmp; /* Slave register address */ msgs[0].len = 1; /* Number of bytes sent */ msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */ msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_WR | RT_I2C_NO_START; /* Read flag */ msgs[1].buf = data; /* Read data pointer */ msgs[1].len = len; /* Number of bytes read */ if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) != 2) { return -RT_ERROR; } return RT_EOK; } static void readCalibrationData() { uint8_t data[32]; read_bme280_reg(0x88, data, 24); read_bme280_reg(0xa1, data + 24, 1); read_bme280_reg(0xe1, data + 25, 7); dig_T1 = (data[1] << 8) | data[0]; dig_T2 = (data[3] << 8) | data[2]; dig_T3 = (data[5] << 8) | data[4]; dig_P1 = (data[7] << 8) | data[6]; dig_P2 = (data[9] << 8) | data[8]; dig_P3 = (data[11]<< 8) | data[10]; dig_P4 = (data[13]<< 8) | data[12]; dig_P5 = (data[15]<< 8) | data[14]; dig_P6 = (data[17]<< 8) | data[16]; dig_P7 = (data[19]<< 8) | data[18]; dig_P8 = (data[21]<< 8) | data[20]; dig_P9 = (data[23]<< 8) | data[22]; dig_H1 = data[24]; dig_H2 = (data[26]<< 8) | data[25]; dig_H3 = data[27]; dig_H4 = (data[28]<< 4) | (0x0F & data[29]); dig_H5 = (data[30] << 4) | ((data[29] >> 4) & 0x0F); dig_H6 = data[31]; } static int init_bme280(void) { rt_uint8_t data; int size = read_bme280_reg(0xD0, &data, 1); rt_kprintf("bme280 device id : %xn", data); uint8_t osrs_t = 1; //Temperature oversampling x 1 uint8_t osrs_p = 1; //Pressure oversampling x 1 uint8_t osrs_h = 1; //Humidity oversampling x 1 uint8_t mode = 3; //Normal mode uint8_t t_sb = 5; //Tstandby 1000ms uint8_t filter = 0; //Filter off uint8_t spi3w_en = 0; //3-wire SPI Disable uint8_t ctrl_meas_reg = (osrs_t << 5) | (osrs_p << 2) | mode; uint8_t config_reg = (t_sb << 5) | (filter << 2) | spi3w_en; uint8_t ctrl_hum_reg = osrs_h; write_bme280_reg(0xF2, &ctrl_hum_reg, 1); write_bme280_reg(0xF4, &ctrl_meas_reg, 1); write_bme280_reg(0xF5, &config_reg, 1); readCalibrationData(); return RT_EOK; } static void bme280_entry(void* paremeter) { init_bme280(); while(1) { read_bme280_reg(0xf7, data, 8); pres_raw = (data[0] << 12) | (data[1] << 4) | (data[2] >> 4); temp_raw = (data[3] << 12) | (data[4] << 4) | (data[5] >> 4); hum_raw = (data[6] << 8) | data[7]; temp_cal = calibration_T(temp_raw); press_cal = calibration_P(pres_raw); hum_cal = calibration_H(hum_raw); temp_act = (double)temp_cal / 100.0; press_act = (double)press_cal; hum_act = (double)hum_cal / 1024.0; rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0); rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Temp : %d'Crn",(int)temp_act); ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26); ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White); rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0); rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Humi : %d %rn",(int)hum_act); ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26 + 10); ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White); rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0); rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Press : %d Parn",(int)press_act); ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26 + 10 + 10); ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White); rt_thread_mdelay(500); ssd1306_UpdateScreen(); } } void run_bme280() { bme280_thread = rt_thread_create("bme280", bme280_entry, RT_NULL, 1024, 16, 20); if(bme280_thread != RT_NULL) { rt_thread_startup(bme280_thread); } } MSH_CMD_EXPORT(run_bme280, run bme280); int main(void) { i2c_bus = (struct rt_i2c_bus_device *) rt_device_find(BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME); if (i2c_bus == RT_NULL) { rt_kprintf("can't find %s device!n", BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME); return RT_ERROR; } ssd1306_Init(); ssd1306_Fill(Black); rt_pin_mode(LED_PIN, PIN_MODE_OUTPUT); for (;;) { rt_pin_write(LED_PIN, PIN_HIGH); rt_thread_mdelay(500); rt_pin_write(LED_PIN, PIN_LOW); rt_thread_mdelay(500); } } 实验效果
用串口工具打开开发板对应的串口，命令行输入run_bme280
效果如下，OLED实时展示当前环境的温度、湿度、大气压
总结
- 技术离不开应用、离不开生活，学习技术是为了更好的服务于社会
- NXP的硬件i2c比较复杂，官方的demo比较多、配置也复杂，理解起来确实有一点难度，我在用i2c-tool工具的时候遇到了一些问题，目前还在分析、定位中
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