SpringBoot3集成ElasticSearch

标签:ElasticSearch8.Kibana8;

一、简介

Elasticsearch是一个分布式、RESTful风格的搜索和数据分析引擎,适用于各种数据类型,数字、文本、地理位置、结构化数据、非结构化数据;

在实际的工作中,历经过Elasticsearch从6.07.0的版本升级,而这次SpringBoot3和ES8.0的集成,虽然脚本的语法变化很小,但是Java客户端的API语法变化很大;

二、环境搭建

1、下载安装包

需要注意的是,这些安装包的版本要选择对应的,不然容易出问题;

软件包:elasticsearch-8.8.2-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz 分词器工具:elasticsearch-analysis-ik-8.8.2.zip 可视化工具:kibana-8.8.2-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz 

2、服务启动

不论是ES还是Kibana,在首次启动后,会初始化很多配置文件,可以根据自己的需要做相关的配置调整,比如常见的端口调整,资源占用,安全校验等;

SpringBoot3集成ElasticSearch

1、启动ES elasticsearch-8.8.2/bin/elasticsearch  本地访问:localhost:9200  2、启动Kibana kibana-8.8.2/bin/kibana  本地访问:http://localhost:5601  # 3、查看安装的插件 http://localhost:9200/_cat/plugins  ->  analysis-ik 8.8.2 

三、工程搭建

1、工程结构

SpringBoot3集成ElasticSearch

2、依赖管理

starter-elasticsearch组件中,实际上依赖的是elasticsearch-java组件的8.7.1版本;

<dependency>     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>     <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> </dependency> 

3、配置文件

在上面环境搭建的过程中,已经禁用了用户和密码的登录验证,配置ES服务地址即可;

spring:   # ElasticSearch配置   elasticsearch:     uris: localhost:9200 

四、基础用法

1、实体类

通过DocumentField注解描述ES索引结构的实体类,注意这里JsonIgnoreProperties注解,解决索引中字段和实体类非一一对应的而引起的JSON解析问题;

@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true) @Document(indexName = "contents_index", createIndex = false) public class ContentsIndex implements Serializable {      private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;      @Field(type= FieldType.Integer)     private Integer id;      @Field(type= FieldType.Keyword)     private String title;      @Field(type= FieldType.Keyword)     private String intro;      @Field(type= FieldType.Text)     private String content;      @Field(type= FieldType.Integer)     private Integer createId;      @Field(type= FieldType.Keyword)     private String createName;      @Field(type= FieldType.Date,format = DateFormat.date_hour_minute_second)     private Date createTime; } 

2、初始化索引

基于ElasticsearchTemplate类和上述实体类,实现索引结构的初始化,并且将tb_contents表中的数据同步到索引中,最后通过ID查询一条测试数据;

@Service public class ContentsIndexService {     private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ContentsIndexService.class);      @Resource     private ContentsService contentsService ;     @Resource     private ElasticsearchTemplate template ;      /**      * 初始化索引结构和数据      */     public void initIndex (){         // 处理索引结构         IndexOperations indexOps = template.indexOps(ContentsIndex.class);         if (indexOps.exists()){             boolean delFlag = indexOps.delete();             log.info("contents_index exists,delete:{}",delFlag);             indexOps.createMapping(ContentsIndex.class);         } else {             log.info("contents_index not exists");             indexOps.createMapping(ContentsIndex.class);         }         // 同步数据库表记录         List<Contents> contentsList = contentsService.queryAll();         if (contentsList.size() > 0){             List<ContentsIndex> contentsIndexList = new ArrayList<>() ;             contentsList.forEach(contents -> {                 ContentsIndex contentsIndex = new ContentsIndex() ;                 BeanUtils.copyProperties(contents,contentsIndex);                 contentsIndexList.add(contentsIndex);             });             template.save(contentsIndexList);         }         // ID查询         ContentsIndex contentsIndex = template.get("10",ContentsIndex.class);         log.info("contents-index-10:{}",contentsIndex);     } } 

3、仓储接口

继承ElasticsearchRepository接口,可以对ES这种特定类型的存储库进行通用增删改查操作;在测试类中对该接口的方法进行测试;

// 1、接口定义 public interface ContentsIndexRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<ContentsIndex,Long> { }  // 2、接口测试 public class ContentsIndexRepositoryTest {     @Autowired     private ContentsIndexRepository contentsIndexRepository;      @Test     public void testAdd (){         // 单个新增         contentsIndexRepository.save(buildOne());         // 批量新增         contentsIndexRepository.saveAll(buildList()) ;     }      @Test     public void testUpdate (){         // 根据ID查询后再更新         Optional<ContentsIndex> contentsOpt = contentsIndexRepository.findById(14L);         if (contentsOpt.isPresent()){             ContentsIndex contentsId = contentsOpt.get();             System.out.println("id=14:"+contentsId);             contentsId.setContent("update-content");             contentsId.setCreateTime(new Date());             contentsIndexRepository.save(contentsId);         }     }      @Test     public void testQuery (){         // 单个ID查询         Optional<ContentsIndex> contentsOpt = contentsIndexRepository.findById(1L);         if (contentsOpt.isPresent()){             ContentsIndex contentsId1 = contentsOpt.get();             System.out.println("id=1:"+contentsId1);         }         // 批量ID查询         Iterator<ContentsIndex> contentsIterator = contentsIndexRepository                                         .findAllById(Arrays.asList(10L,12L)).iterator();         while (contentsIterator.hasNext()){             ContentsIndex contentsIndex = contentsIterator.next();             System.out.println("id="+contentsIndex.getId()+":"+contentsIndex);         }     }      @Test     public void testDelete (){         contentsIndexRepository.deleteById(15L);         contentsIndexRepository.deleteById(16L);     } } 

4、查询语法

无论是ElasticsearchTemplate类还是ElasticsearchRepository接口,都是对ES常用的简单功能进行封装,在实际使用时,复杂的查询语法还是依赖ElasticsearchClient和原生的API封装;

这里主要演示七个查询方法,主要涉及:ID查询,字段匹配,组合与范围查询,分页与排序,分组统计,最大值查询和模糊匹配;更多的查询API还是要多看文档中的案例才行;

public class ElasticsearchClientTest {      @Autowired     private ElasticsearchClient client ;      @Test     public void testSearch1 () throws IOException {         // ID查询         GetResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.get(                 getReq ->getReq.index("contents_index").id("7"), ContentsIndex.class);         if (resp.found()){             ContentsIndex contentsIndex = resp.source() ;             System.out.println("contentsIndex-7:"+contentsIndex);         }     }      @Test     public void testSearch2 () throws IOException {         // 指定字段匹配         SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")                         .query(query -> query.match(field -> field                         .field("createName").query("张三"))),ContentsIndex.class);         printResp(resp);     }      @Test     public void testSearch3 () throws IOException {         // 组合查询:姓名和时间范围         Query byName = MatchQuery.of(field -> field.field("createName").query("王五"))._toQuery();         Query byTime = RangeQuery.of(field -> field.field("createTime")                         .gte(JsonData.of("2023-07-10T00:00:00"))                         .lte(JsonData.of("2023-07-12T00:00:00")))._toQuery();         SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")                         .query(query -> query.bool(boolQuery -> boolQuery.must(byName).must(byTime))),ContentsIndex.class);         printResp(resp);     }      @Test     public void testSearch4 () throws IOException {         // 排序和分页,在14条数据中,根据ID倒序排列,从第5条往后取4条数据         SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")                 .from(5).size(4)                 .sort(sort -> sort.field(sortField -> sortField.field("id").order(SortOrder.Desc))),ContentsIndex.class);         printResp(resp);     }      @Test     public void testSearch5 () throws IOException {         // 根据createId分组统计         SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")                 .aggregations("createIdGroup",agg -> agg.terms(term -> term.field("createId"))),ContentsIndex.class);         Aggregate aggregate = resp.aggregations().get("createIdGroup");         LongTermsAggregate termsAggregate = aggregate.lterms();         Buckets<LongTermsBucket> buckets = termsAggregate.buckets();         for (LongTermsBucket termsBucket : buckets.array()) {             System.out.println(termsBucket.key() + " : " + termsBucket.docCount());         }     }      @Test     public void testSearch6 () throws IOException {         // 查询最大的ID         SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")                 .aggregations("maxId",agg -> agg.max(field -> field.field("id"))),ContentsIndex.class);         for (Map.Entry<String, Aggregate> entry : resp.aggregations().entrySet()){             System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue().max().value());         }     }      @Test     public void testSearch7 () throws IOException {         // 模糊查询title字段,允许1个误差         Query byContent = FuzzyQuery.of(field -> field.field("title").value("设计").fuzziness("1"))._toQuery();         SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(                 searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index").query(byContent),ContentsIndex.class);         printResp(resp);     }      private void printResp (SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp){         TotalHits total = resp.hits().total();         System.out.println("total:"+total);         List<Hit<ContentsIndex>> hits = resp.hits().hits();         for (Hit<ContentsIndex> hit: hits) {             ContentsIndex contentsIndex = hit.source();             System.out.println(hit.id()+":"+contentsIndex);         }     } } 

五、参考源码

文档仓库: https://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-java-note  源码仓库: https://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-spring-parent 

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