在笔者之前的文章《驱动开发：内核特征码搜索函数封装》中我们封装实现了特征码定位功能，本章将继续使用该功能，本次我们需要枚举内核LoadImage映像回调，在Win64环境下我们可以设置一个LoadImage映像加载通告回调，当有新驱动或者DLL被加载时，回调函数就会被调用从而执行我们自己的回调例程，映像回调也存储在数组里，枚举时从数组中读取值之后，需要进行位运算解密得到地址。
我们来看一款闭源ARK工具是如何实现的：
如上所述，如果我们需要拿到回调数组那么首先要得到该数组，数组的符号名是PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine我们可以在PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx中找到。
第一步使用WinDBG输入uf PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx首先定位到，能够找到PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx这里的两个位置都可以被引用，当然了这个函数可以直接通过PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx函数动态拿到此处不需要我们动态定位。
我们通过获取到PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx函数的内存首地址，然后向下匹配特征码搜索找到488d0d88e8dbff并取出PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine内存地址，该内存地址就是LoadImage映像模块的基址。
如果使用代码去定位这段空间，则你可以这样写，这样即可得到具体特征地址。
// 署名权 // right to sign one's name on a piece of work // PowerBy: LyShark // Email: me@lyshark.com #include <ntddk.h> #include <windef.h> // 指定内存区域的特征码扫描 PVOID SearchMemory(PVOID pStartAddress, PVOID pEndAddress, PUCHAR pMemoryData, ULONG ulMemoryDataSize) { PVOID pAddress = NULL; PUCHAR i = NULL; ULONG m = 0; // 扫描内存 for (i = (PUCHAR)pStartAddress; i < (PUCHAR)pEndAddress; i++) { // 判断特征码 for (m = 0; m < ulMemoryDataSize; m++) { if (*(PUCHAR)(i + m) != pMemoryData[m]) { break; } } // 判断是否找到符合特征码的地址 if (m >= ulMemoryDataSize) { // 找到特征码位置, 获取紧接着特征码的下一地址 pAddress = (PVOID)(i + ulMemoryDataSize); break; } } return pAddress; } // 根据特征码获取 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 数组地址 PVOID SearchPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine(PUCHAR pSpecialData, ULONG ulSpecialDataSize) { UNICODE_STRING ustrFuncName; PVOID pAddress = NULL; LONG lOffset = 0; PVOID pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine = NULL; PVOID pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine = NULL; // 先获取 PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx 函数地址 RtlInitUnicodeString(&ustrFuncName, L"PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx"); pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine = MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(&ustrFuncName); if (NULL == pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine) { return pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine; } // 查找 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 函数地址 pAddress = SearchMemory(pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine, (PVOID)((PUCHAR)pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine + 0xFF), pSpecialData, ulSpecialDataSize); if (NULL == pAddress) { return pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine; } // 先获取偏移, 再计算地址 lOffset = *(PLONG)pAddress; pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine = (PVOID)((PUCHAR)pAddress + sizeof(LONG) + lOffset); return pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine; } VOID UnDriver(PDRIVER_OBJECT Driver) { } NTSTATUS DriverEntry(IN PDRIVER_OBJECT Driver, PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath) { DbgPrint("hello lyshark.com n"); PVOID pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress = NULL; RTL_OSVERSIONINFOW osInfo = { 0 }; UCHAR pSpecialData[50] = { 0 }; ULONG ulSpecialDataSize = 0; // 获取系统版本信息, 判断系统版本 RtlGetVersion(&osInfo); if (10 == osInfo.dwMajorVersion) { // 48 8d 0d 88 e8 db ff // 查找指令 lea rcx,[nt!PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine (fffff804`44313ce0)] /* nt!PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx+0x41: fffff801`80748a81 488d0dd8d3dbff lea rcx,[nt!PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine (fffff801`80505e60)] fffff801`80748a88 4533c0 xor r8d,r8d fffff801`80748a8b 488d0cd9 lea rcx,[rcx+rbx*8] fffff801`80748a8f 488bd7 mov rdx,rdi fffff801`80748a92 e80584a3ff call nt!ExCompareExchangeCallBack (fffff801`80180e9c) fffff801`80748a97 84c0 test al,al fffff801`80748a99 0f849f000000 je nt!PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx+0xfe (fffff801`80748b3e) Branch */ pSpecialData[0] = 0x48; pSpecialData[1] = 0x8D; pSpecialData[2] = 0x0D; ulSpecialDataSize = 3; } // 根据特征码获取地址 获取 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 数组地址 pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress = SearchPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine(pSpecialData, ulSpecialDataSize); DbgPrint("[LyShark] PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine = 0x%p n", pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress); Driver->DriverUnload = UnDriver; return STATUS_SUCCESS; } 将这个驱动拖入到虚拟机中并运行，输出结果如下：
有了数组地址接下来就是要对数组进行解密，如何解密？
- 1.首先拿到数组指针
pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress + sizeof(PVOID) * i此处的i也就是下标。 - 2.得到的新地址在与
pNotifyRoutineAddress & 0xfffffffffffffff8进行与运算。 - 3.最后
*(PVOID *)pNotifyRoutineAddress取出里面的参数。
增加解密代码以后，这段程序的完整代码也就可以被写出来了，如下所示。
// 署名权 // right to sign one's name on a piece of work // PowerBy: LyShark // Email: me@lyshark.com #include <ntddk.h> #include <windef.h> // 指定内存区域的特征码扫描 PVOID SearchMemory(PVOID pStartAddress, PVOID pEndAddress, PUCHAR pMemoryData, ULONG ulMemoryDataSize) { PVOID pAddress = NULL; PUCHAR i = NULL; ULONG m = 0; // 扫描内存 for (i = (PUCHAR)pStartAddress; i < (PUCHAR)pEndAddress; i++) { // 判断特征码 for (m = 0; m < ulMemoryDataSize; m++) { if (*(PUCHAR)(i + m) != pMemoryData[m]) { break; } } // 判断是否找到符合特征码的地址 if (m >= ulMemoryDataSize) { // 找到特征码位置, 获取紧接着特征码的下一地址 pAddress = (PVOID)(i + ulMemoryDataSize); break; } } return pAddress; } // 根据特征码获取 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 数组地址 PVOID SearchPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine(PUCHAR pSpecialData, ULONG ulSpecialDataSize) { UNICODE_STRING ustrFuncName; PVOID pAddress = NULL; LONG lOffset = 0; PVOID pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine = NULL; PVOID pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine = NULL; // 先获取 PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx 函数地址 RtlInitUnicodeString(&ustrFuncName, L"PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx"); pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine = MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(&ustrFuncName); if (NULL == pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine) { return pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine; } // 查找 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 函数地址 pAddress = SearchMemory(pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine, (PVOID)((PUCHAR)pPsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine + 0xFF), pSpecialData, ulSpecialDataSize); if (NULL == pAddress) { return pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine; } // 先获取偏移, 再计算地址 lOffset = *(PLONG)pAddress; pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine = (PVOID)((PUCHAR)pAddress + sizeof(LONG) + lOffset); return pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine; } VOID UnDriver(PDRIVER_OBJECT Driver) { } NTSTATUS DriverEntry(IN PDRIVER_OBJECT Driver, PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath) { DbgPrint("hello lyshark.com n"); PVOID pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress = NULL; RTL_OSVERSIONINFOW osInfo = { 0 }; UCHAR pSpecialData[50] = { 0 }; ULONG ulSpecialDataSize = 0; // 获取系统版本信息, 判断系统版本 RtlGetVersion(&osInfo); if (10 == osInfo.dwMajorVersion) { // 48 8d 0d 88 e8 db ff // 查找指令 lea rcx,[nt!PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine (fffff804`44313ce0)] /* nt!PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx+0x41: fffff801`80748a81 488d0dd8d3dbff lea rcx,[nt!PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine (fffff801`80505e60)] fffff801`80748a88 4533c0 xor r8d,r8d fffff801`80748a8b 488d0cd9 lea rcx,[rcx+rbx*8] fffff801`80748a8f 488bd7 mov rdx,rdi fffff801`80748a92 e80584a3ff call nt!ExCompareExchangeCallBack (fffff801`80180e9c) fffff801`80748a97 84c0 test al,al fffff801`80748a99 0f849f000000 je nt!PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutineEx+0xfe (fffff801`80748b3e) Branch */ pSpecialData[0] = 0x48; pSpecialData[1] = 0x8D; pSpecialData[2] = 0x0D; ulSpecialDataSize = 3; } // 根据特征码获取地址 获取 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 数组地址 pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress = SearchPspLoadImageNotifyRoutine(pSpecialData, ulSpecialDataSize); DbgPrint("[LyShark] PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine = 0x%p n", pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress); // 遍历回调 ULONG i = 0; PVOID pNotifyRoutineAddress = NULL; // 获取 PspLoadImageNotifyRoutine 数组地址 if (NULL == pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress) { return FALSE; } // 获取回调地址并解密 for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) { pNotifyRoutineAddress = *(PVOID *)((PUCHAR)pPspLoadImageNotifyRoutineAddress + sizeof(PVOID) * i); pNotifyRoutineAddress = (PVOID)((ULONG64)pNotifyRoutineAddress & 0xfffffffffffffff8); if (MmIsAddressValid(pNotifyRoutineAddress)) { pNotifyRoutineAddress = *(PVOID *)pNotifyRoutineAddress; DbgPrint("[LyShark] 序号: %d | 回调地址: 0x%p n", i, pNotifyRoutineAddress); } } Driver->DriverUnload = UnDriver; return STATUS_SUCCESS; } 运行这段完整的程序代码，输出如下效果：
目前系统中只有两个回调，所以枚举出来的只有两条，打开ARK验证一下会发现完全正确，忽略pyark这是后期打开的。
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