Dubbo3应用开发—协议（Dubbo协议、REST协议 、gRPC协议、Triple协议）

协议

协议简介

什么是协议

Client(Consumer端)与Server（Provider端）在传输数据时双方的约定。

Dubbo3中常见的协议

1.dubbo协议[前面文章中使用的都是dubbo协议] 2.rest协议 3.triple协议 4.grpc协议 5.thirft协议 6.webservice协议 7.rocketmq协议 8.redis协议 9.memacached协议 ...等等 

不同协议的通信效率对比

dubbo官方提供的不同协议之间通信效率的对比如下：

Dubbo协议

1.Dubbo的默认协议，自己定义的私有协议，基于TCP层，默认的通信方式是Netty4; 2.Dubbo采用单一长连接和NIO异步通讯，适合于小数据量大并发的服务调用，反之，Dubbo缺省协议不适合传送大数据量的服务，比如传文件、传视频等。 

官方提供的Dubbo协议结构图：

官方提供的Dubbo协议的帧组成图：

协议构成详见Dubbo2 协议规范 | Apache Dubbo

Dubbo协议的使用

准备——zookeeper的安装

https://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/ 

如果使用windows，可以7z解压缩软件解压缩tar包的形式

https://sparanoid.com/lab/7z/ 

修改conf/zoo.cfg配置⽂件

dataDir=D:\zookeeper\apache-zookeeper-3.6.1\data 

启动服务端

启动客户端

https://github.com/vran-dev/PrettyZoo/releases 图形化zk的客户端 

创建项目

父项目maven文件中对依赖版本进行管理

<properties>     <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>     <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>     <dubbo.version>3.2.0</dubbo.version>     <spring-boot.version>2.7.12</spring-boot.version>     <spring.version>5.3.25</spring.version> </properties> <dependencyManagement>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>             <artifactId>dubbo-bom</artifactId>             <version>${dubbo.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>             <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>     </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> 

引入相关依赖

<dependencies>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         <scope>test</scope>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>      <!--zk注册中心 需要的依赖-->     <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5</artifactId>         <version>${dubbo.version}</version>         <type>pom</type>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>         <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>         <version>3.8.1</version>     </dependency>      <!--lombok-->     <dependency>         <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>         <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>         <version>1.18.22</version>     </dependency>       <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-jcl</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>        <!--<dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>             <artifactId>dubbo-rpc-rest</artifactId>             <version>${dubbo.version}</version>             <exclusions>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-xc</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>             </exclusions>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>             <artifactId>resteasy-jackson-provider</artifactId>             <version>${resteasy-version}</version>             <exclusions>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>jackson-xc</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>                 </exclusion>             </exclusions>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             <version>${jackson-version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             <version>${jackson-version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             <version>${jackson-version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <artifactId>jackson-xc</artifactId>             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             <version>${jackson-version}</version>         </dependency>-->  </dependencies> 

创建api、provider、consumer包，并编写代码。

provider的application.yml配置文件如下：

spring:   application:     name: DUBBO-PROTOCOL-PROVIDER dubbo:   protocol:     name: dubbo     port: -1   registry:     address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 

consumer的application.yml的配置如下：

spring:   application:     name: DUBBO-PROTOCOL-CONSUMER dubbo:   registry:     address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181    application:     qos-enable: false 

REST协议

Rest协议就是我们平时说的Restful,本质上把他称为协议不准确。因为 Restful他是基于Http1.x协议的。 使⽤Rest协议这种⽅式可以让我们的Dubbo服务直接通过url进⾏访问，同时也可以更好的与SpringCloud技术栈进⾏整合。

搭建开发环境

父项目的pom文件核心如下：

<properties>     <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>     <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>     <dubbo.version>3.2.0</dubbo.version>     <spring-boot.version>2.6.11</spring-boot.version>     <jackson-version>1.9.13</jackson-version>     <resteasy-version>3.15.6.Final</resteasy-version>     <tomcat.version>9.0.75</tomcat.version>     <grpc.version>1.54.1</grpc.version>     <spring.version>5.3.25</spring.version> </properties>  <dependencies>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         <scope>test</scope>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>      <!--zk注册中心 需要的依赖-->     <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5</artifactId>         <version>${dubbo.version}</version>         <type>pom</type>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>         <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>         <version>3.8.1</version>     </dependency>      <!--lombok-->     <dependency>         <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>         <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>         <version>1.18.22</version>     </dependency>       <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-jcl</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>         <version>${spring.version}</version>     </dependency>       <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-rpc-rest</artifactId>         <version>${dubbo.version}</version>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-xc</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.jboss.resteasy</groupId>         <artifactId>resteasy-jackson-provider</artifactId>         <version>${resteasy-version}</version>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>jackson-xc</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>         <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>         <version>${jackson-version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>         <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>         <version>${jackson-version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>         <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>         <version>${jackson-version}</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <artifactId>jackson-xc</artifactId>         <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>         <version>${jackson-version}</version>     </dependency>  </dependencies>   <dependencyManagement>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>             <artifactId>dubbo-bom</artifactId>             <version>${dubbo.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>             <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>     </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> 

provide pom文件引入的依赖:

<dependencies>     <dependency>         <groupId>com.sjdwz</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-protocol-api</artifactId>         <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>         <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>         <version>${tomcat.version}</version>     </dependency> </dependencies> 

consumer只需要引入api模块即可。

api模块

java编码

@Path("orders") @Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON}) @Produces({ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF_8}) public interface OrderService {      @GET     @Path("{id}")     Order getOrder(@PathParam("id") Long id); } 

provider模块

application.yml文件

spring:   application:     name: DUBBO-PROTOCOL-PROVIDER dubbo:   protocol:     name: rest     port: 9005     server: tomcat     contextpath: sjdwz   registry:     address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 server:   port: 8090 

java代码

@DubboService public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {     @Override     public Order getOrder(Long id) {         System.out.println("OrderServiceImpl.getOrder id " + id);         return new Order("1001", 100.0);     } } 

运行起来

http://localhost:9005/sjdwz/orders/1 

在浏览器输入上述url即可访问到。

consumer模块

java代码

@DubboReference(protocol = "rest") private OrderService orderService;   @Test public void test2(){     orderService.getOrder(2L); } 

gRPC协议

1. gRPC简介

   Dubbo中的gRPC协议就是应⽤gRPC来替换Dubbo的RPC调⽤。本质上把它称为协议不准确,因为gRPC他是Google开源⼀种异构语⾔通信的RPC框 架。Dubbo引⼊gRPC的⽬的是为了更好的支持云原生的开发。 

2. gRPC底层协议

   gRPC底层基于Http2.x协议。Http2.x是双工协议，可以支持流式通信（反应式编程）。所以在通信效率上更高。 

3. gRPC开发过程

   1. 通过Protobuf的IDL定义通信数据，及操作。 2. 通过Maven的插件，根据不同的编程语言生成成对应的代码 3. 服务端发布RPC服务 3.1. ⼀元调⽤ 3.2. 服务端流式RPC 3.3. 客户端流式RPC 3.4. 双向流式RPC 4. 客户端进⾏RPC服务的调⽤ 4.1. 通过stub代理进⾏远端RPC的调⽤ 

4. Dubbo中gRPC协议的开发

   本质上Dubbo对于gRPC协议的⽀持，就是在原有gRPC客户端代码上进行了封装。 

5. 父项目依赖设置

   <properties>         <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>         <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>         <dubbo.version>3.1.10</dubbo.version>         <spring-boot.version>2.7.12</spring-boot.version>         <grpc.version>1.54.1</grpc.version>         <os.detected.classifier>windows-x86_64</os.detected.classifier>         <spring.version>5.3.25</spring.version>     </properties>      <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>             <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>         </dependency>          <!--zk注册中心 需要的依赖-->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>             <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5</artifactId>             <version>${dubbo.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <exclusions>                 <exclusion>                     <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>                     <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>                 </exclusion>             </exclusions>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>             <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>             <version>3.8.1</version>         </dependency>          <!--lombok-->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>             <version>1.18.22</version>         </dependency>           <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-jcl</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>             <version>${spring.version}</version>         </dependency>      </dependencies>      <dependencyManagement>         <dependencies>             <dependency>                 <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>                 <artifactId>dubbo-bom</artifactId>                 <version>${dubbo.version}</version>                 <type>pom</type>                 <scope>import</scope>             </dependency>              <dependency>                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>                 <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>                 <type>pom</type>                 <scope>import</scope>             </dependency>              <dependency>                 <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>                 <artifactId>grpc-bom</artifactId>                 <version>${grpc.version}</version>                 <type>pom</type>                 <scope>import</scope>             </dependency>         </dependencies>     </dependencyManagement>  

api模块的开发

pom文件修改

<dependencies>     <dependency>         <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>         <artifactId>grpc-netty</artifactId>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <groupId>io.netty</groupId>                 <artifactId>netty-codec-http2</artifactId>             </exclusion>             <exclusion>                 <groupId>io.netty</groupId>                 <artifactId>netty-handler-proxy</artifactId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>         <artifactId>grpc-netty-shaded</artifactId>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>         <artifactId>grpc-protobuf</artifactId>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>                 <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>     <dependency>         <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>         <artifactId>grpc-stub</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-common</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>         <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>         <version>3.21.7</version>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>         <artifactId>protobuf-java-util</artifactId>         <version>3.21.7</version>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>                 <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>  </dependencies>  <build>     <plugins>         <plugin>             <groupId>kr.motd.maven</groupId>             <artifactId>os-maven-plugin</artifactId>             <version>1.7.1</version>         </plugin>         <plugin>             <groupId>org.xolstice.maven.plugins</groupId>             <artifactId>protobuf-maven-plugin</artifactId>             <version>0.6.1</version>             <configuration>                 <protocArtifact>com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.21.7:exe:${os.detected.classifier}</protocArtifact>                 <pluginId>grpc-java</pluginId>                 <pluginArtifact>io.grpc:protoc-gen-grpc-java:${grpc.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}                 </pluginArtifact>                 <outputDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/java</outputDirectory>                 <clearOutputDirectory>false</clearOutputDirectory>                 <protocPlugins>                     <protocPlugin>                         <id>dubbo-grpc</id>                         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>                         <artifactId>dubbo-compiler</artifactId>                         <version>${dubbo.version}</version>                         <mainClass>org.apache.dubbo.gen.grpc.DubboGrpcGenerator</mainClass>                     </protocPlugin>                 </protocPlugins>             </configuration>             <executions>                 <execution>                     <id>protobuf-maven-plugin</id>                     <goals>                         <goal>compile</goal>                         <goal>compile-custom</goal>                     </goals>                 </execution>             </executions>         </plugin>     </plugins> </build> 

provider模块的开发

application.yml文件

spring:   application:     name: DUBBO-PROTOCOL-PROVIDER dubbo:   protocol:     name: grpc     port: -1   registry:     address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 #  port: 8081 

Java类

@DubboService public class DemoServiceImpl extends DubboDemoServiceGrpc.DemoServiceImplBase {     @Override     public void demo(RequestData request, StreamObserver<ResponseData> responseObserver) {         System.out.println("DemoServiceImpl.demo " + request.getName());         responseObserver.onNext(ResponseData.newBuilder().setResult("this is result").build());         responseObserver.onCompleted();     } } 

consumer模块的开发

测试Java方法

@DubboReference(protocol = "grpc") private DubboDemoServiceGrpc.IDemoService iDemoService;   @Test void test3() {     ResponseData ret = iDemoService.demo(RequestData.newBuilder().setName("xiaohei").build());     System.out.println("ret.getResult() = " + ret.getResult());  } 

Triple协议

1. Triple协议是什么

   在阿里巴巴，Triple 协议广泛用于跨环境、跨语言、跨生态互通，已有数十万容器生产级使用。  Triple 协议是 Dubbo3设计的基于HTTP的RPC通信协议规范，它完全兼容 gRPC 协议，支持 Request-Response、Streaming流式等通信模型，可同时运行在HTTP/1和 HTTP/2之上。 核心: 1.Dubbo3全新设计的基于Http的RPC协议 2.完全兼容gRPC协议 3.支持Streaming流式通信【与gRPC类似】 4.同时支持HTTP1和HTTP2 5.对比内置的Dubbo协议，更好的支持异构语言通信，且更加适应云原生。 

2. Dubbo原有已经支持了gRPC协议，为什么还要做Triple协议?

   生态建设︰ 1.如果只支持gRPC协议，不能够体现Dubbo的价值，毕竟gRPC是Google制定的。 Triple的优势: 1.不绑定IDL，支持Java lnterface 定义服务。(gRPC需要使用Protobuf,而Triple可以通过Java接口的方式进行服务的) 2.同时支持Http1和Http2协议，而gRPC只支持Http2协议。 3.100%兼容gRPC。从Dubbo3.2.x开始，已经废弃原有的gRPC协议使用Triple协议进行替代。 

Triple协议的开发

父项目中pom文件，dubbo版本切换到3.2.0

<properties>     <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>     <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>     <dubbo.version>3.2.0</dubbo.version>     <grpc.version>1.54.1</grpc.version>     <spring-boot.version>2.7.12</spring-boot.version>     <protoc.version>3.21.7</protoc.version> 	<os.detected.classifier>windows-x86_64</os.detected.classifier> </properties>  <dependencies>     <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         <scope>test</scope>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>         <artifactId>grpc-all</artifactId>         <version>${grpc.version}</version>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>grpc-netty</artifactId>                 <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>         <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>         <version>${protoc.version}</version>     </dependency>       <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>         <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5</artifactId>         <version>${dubbo.version}</version>         <type>pom</type>         <exclusions>             <exclusion>                 <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>                 <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>             </exclusion>         </exclusions>     </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>         <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>         <version>3.8.1</version>     </dependency>      <!--lombok-->     <dependency>         <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>         <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>         <version>1.18.22</version>     </dependency>  </dependencies>  <dependencyManagement>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>             <artifactId>dubbo-bom</artifactId>             <version>${dubbo.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>             <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>io.grpc</groupId>             <artifactId>grpc-bom</artifactId>             <version>${grpc.version}</version>             <type>pom</type>             <scope>import</scope>         </dependency>     </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build>     <extensions>         <extension>             <groupId>kr.motd.maven</groupId>             <artifactId>os-maven-plugin</artifactId>             <version>1.7.1</version>         </extension>     </extensions>     <plugins>         <plugin>             <groupId>org.xolstice.maven.plugins</groupId>             <artifactId>protobuf-maven-plugin</artifactId>             <version>0.6.1</version>             <configuration>                 <protocArtifact>com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.21.7:exe:${os.detected.classifier}                 </protocArtifact>                 <pluginId>grpc-java</pluginId>                 <pluginArtifact>io.grpc:protoc-gen-grpc-java:${grpc.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}                 </pluginArtifact>                 <outputDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/java</outputDirectory>                 <clearOutputDirectory>false</clearOutputDirectory>                 <protocPlugins>                     <protocPlugin>                         <id>dubbo</id>                         <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>                         <artifactId>dubbo-compiler</artifactId>                         <version>${dubbo.version}</version>                         <mainClass>org.apache.dubbo.gen.tri.Dubbo3TripleGenerator</mainClass>                     </protocPlugin>                 </protocPlugins>             </configuration>             <executions>                 <execution>                     <goals>                         <goal>compile</goal>                         <goal>test-compile</goal>                         <goal>compile-custom</goal>                         <goal>test-compile-custom</goal>                     </goals>                 </execution>             </executions>         </plugin>     </plugins> </build> 

api模块的开发

syntax = "proto3"; option java_multiple_files = true; option java_package = "com.sjdwz.tri"; package com.sjdwz.tri; // The request message containing the user's name. message GreeterRequest {   string name = 1; } // The response message containing the greetings message GreeterReply {   string message = 1; } service Greeter{   // unary   rpc greet(GreeterRequest) returns (GreeterReply);   // serverStream   rpc greetServerStream(GreeterRequest) returns (stream GreeterReply);   // bi streaming   rpc greetStream(stream GreeterRequest) returns (stream GreeterReply); }  

在父项目执行上图maven命令。

provider模块的开发

application.yml

spring:   application:     name: DUBBO-TRIPLE-PROVIDER  dubbo:   protocol:     name: tri     port: -1   registry:     address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 

服务接口的开发

@DubboService public class GreeterImpl extends DubboGreeterTriple.GreeterImplBase {     @Override     public GreeterReply greet(GreeterRequest request) {         System.out.println("GreeterImpl.greet " + request.getName());         GreeterReply greeterReply = GreeterReply.newBuilder().setMessage("this is on method").build();         return greeterReply;     }      @Override     public StreamObserver<GreeterRequest> greetStream(StreamObserver<GreeterReply> responseObserver) {         System.out.println("GreeterImpl.greetStream");         responseObserver.onNext(GreeterReply.newBuilder().setMessage("bi stream result").build());         responseObserver.onCompleted();         return new StreamObserver<GreeterRequest>() {             @Override             public void onNext(GreeterRequest data) {                 System.out.println(" recive request param = " + data.getName());             }              @Override             public void onError(Throwable throwable) {              }              @Override             public void onCompleted() {                 System.out.println("GreeterImpl.onCompleted");             }         };     }      @Override     public void greetServerStream(GreeterRequest request, StreamObserver<GreeterReply> responseObserver) {         System.out.println("GreeterImpl.greetServerStream name " + request.getName());          responseObserver.onNext(GreeterReply.newBuilder().setMessage("this is result").build());          responseObserver.onCompleted();     } } 

consumer模块的开发

测试类的开发

@DubboReference(protocol = "tri") private Greeter greeter;   @Test void test2() {     GreeterRequest request = GreeterRequest.newBuilder().setName("xiaowb").build();     GreeterReply greeterReply = greeter.greet(request);     System.out.println("greeterReply.getMessage() = " + greeterReply.getMessage()); } 

triple协议——grpc方式的开发

api模块

在api模块的pom文件执行如下命令；

consumer模块

gRPC adaptor类

package com.sjdwz;  import io.grpc.stub.StreamObserver;  public class GrpcStreamObserverAdapter<T> implements StreamObserver<T> {      private final org.apache.dubbo.common.stream.StreamObserver<T> delegate;      public GrpcStreamObserverAdapter(org.apache.dubbo.common.stream.StreamObserver<T> delegate) {         this.delegate = delegate;     }      @Override     public void onNext(T value) {         delegate.onNext(value);     }      @Override     public void onError(Throwable t) {         delegate.onError(t);      }      @Override     public void onCompleted() {         delegate.onCompleted();      } }  

Test类

@Test void test4() {     ManagedChannel managedChannel = ManagedChannelBuilder.forAddress("localhost", 50051).usePlaintext().build();     try {         //一元操作         GreeterGrpc.GreeterBlockingStub greeterBlockingStub = GreeterGrpc.newBlockingStub(managedChannel);         //流式处理         GreeterGrpc.GreeterStub greeterStub = GreeterGrpc.newStub(managedChannel);         GreeterRequest request = GreeterRequest.newBuilder().setName("grpc").build();         greeterStub.greetServerStream(request, new GrpcStreamObserverAdapter<>(new StreamObserver<GreeterReply>() {             @Override             public void onNext(GreeterReply data) {                 System.out.println("TestTripleDemo.onNext " + data.getMessage());             }              @Override             public void onError(Throwable throwable) {              }              @Override             public void onCompleted() {                 System.out.println("TestTripleDemo.onCompleted");             }         }));          System.in.read();     } catch (Exception e) {         throw new RuntimeException(e);     } finally {         managedChannel.shutdown();     } } 

triple协议——Java Interface的方式

需要记住两个规律：

1. message替换成Java类型 2. StreamObserver也用StreamObserver处理