SpringBoot WebSocket STOMP

技术分享 7个月前 (09-26) 0 999+

关注

SpringBoot WebSocket STOMP

关键词：Springboot, WebSocket, STOMP, broadcast, sendToUser, MessageMapping, SubscribeMapping, convertAndSendToUser

STOMP是一种发布订阅的模式，被订阅者发布消息以广播形式发送。如果需要一对一发送或者说指定某个客户端发送，springboot提供了convertAndSendToUser方法去指定user进行发送。

本文实现了既有广播形式，也有指定user发送形式，以做对比。

代码参考

maven

        <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>         </dependency>

WebSocketConfig

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer; import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServletServerContainerFactoryBean;  /**  * {@code @author:} keboom  * {@code @date:} 2023/9/21  * {@code @description:}  */ @Configuration @EnableWebSocketMessageBroker public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {      @Override     public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) {         config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");         config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");     }      @Override     public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {         registry.addEndpoint("/mobicaster-websocket/{androidID}").setAllowedOrigins("*").         setHandshakeHandler(new CustomHandshakeHandler());     }      @Bean     public ServletServerContainerFactoryBean createWebSocketContainer() {         ServletServerContainerFactoryBean container = new ServletServerContainerFactoryBean();         container.setMaxTextMessageBufferSize(8192);         container.setMaxBinaryMessageBufferSize(8192); //        container.setMaxSessionIdleTimeout(10000L);         return container;     } }

registry.addEndpoint("/mobicaster-websocket/{androidID}")这个是网页向服务器开启一个websocket连接的url地址。{androidID} （这个名字大家随便起哈，随便叫devId，sessionId都行）是作为一个websocket标识，这样我们服务器想要主动向一个websocket客户端发送message时，可以知道应该向谁发。

config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");这个是网页向服务器发送消息的uri前缀

config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");这个是服务器向网页发送消息的 uri 的“前缀”

setHandshakeHandler(new CustomHandshakeHandler());顾名思义，这是websocket握手时，做一些自定义处理的handler。

ServletServerContainerFactoryBean这个大家根据需求配了。setMaxSessionIdleTimeout这个在网页上的表示时，如果在一定时期没有发送任何消息，那么当前连接断开，然后建立一个新链接。

CustomHandshakeHandler

在这个类里面，我们对每个websocket做标识，标识每个websocket的user是什么，到时候服务器主动发送message，将根据user去发。

import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler; import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.DefaultHandshakeHandler; import java.security.Principal; import java.util.Map;  /**  * {@code @author:} keboom  * {@code @date:} 2023/9/22  * {@code @description:}  */ public class CustomHandshakeHandler extends DefaultHandshakeHandler {      @Override     protected Principal determineUser(ServerHttpRequest request, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Map<String, Object> attributes) {         String uri = request.getURI().toString();         String androidID = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);         return () -> androidID;     }  }

Controller

接下来看看我们的controller：

import com.cogent.mobicasterserver.controller.vo.DeviceInfo; import com.cogent.mobicasterserver.controller.vo.FoldbackReq; import com.cogent.mobicasterserver.controller.vo.LiveReq; import com.cogent.mobicasterserver.controller.vo.RespVO; import jakarta.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo; import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate; import org.springframework.messaging.simp.annotation.SendToUser; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;  import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;  /**  * {@code @author:} keboom  * {@code @date:} 2023/9/21  * {@code @description:}  */ @RestController public class MobiController {      private SimpMessagingTemplate template;      @Autowired     public MobiController(SimpMessagingTemplate template) {         this.template = template;     }      @RequestMapping(path = "/foldback", method = GET)     public void foldback(FoldbackReq req) {         this.template.convertAndSendToUser(req.getAndroidID(), "/topic/foldback", req.toString());     }       @MessageMapping("/greetings")     @SendTo("/topic/greetings")     public RespVO greetings(@Payload LiveReq liveReq) throws Exception { 		// do something ....         return new RespVO(200, "success", null);     }      @MessageMapping("/live")     @SendToUser("/topic/live")     public RespVO live(@Payload LiveReq liveReq) throws Exception { 		// do something ....         return new RespVO(200, "success", null);     } }

网上很多资料写的用 @Controller，我这边用的@RestController 完全没问题。

对于 sendToUser的，uri前缀需要加 /user ，这个通过下面的网页端 js 代码更清晰，还有就是我们看浏览器开发者工具的具体websocket的message更清楚，这里就不说每个注解的意思了。

app.js

const stompClient = new StompJs.Client({     brokerURL: 'ws://localhost:8082/mobicaster-websocket/androidId1234' });  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- const stompClient2 = new StompJs.Client({     brokerURL: 'ws://localhost:8082/mobicaster-websocket/androidId2345' }); stompClient2.onConnect = (frame) => {     stompClient2.subscribe('/topic/greetings', (greeting) => {         showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body).content);     });     stompClient2.subscribe('/user/topic/live', (greeting) => {         // showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body).content);         console.log('Live: ' + greeting);     });      stompClient2.subscribe('/user/topic/foldback', (greeting) => {         // showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body).content);         console.log('foldback: ' + greeting);     }); }; stompClient2.onWebSocketError = (error) => {     console.error('Error with websocket', error); };  stompClient2.onStompError = (frame) => {     console.error('Broker reported error: ' + frame.headers['message']);     console.error('Additional details: ' + frame.body); }; // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- stompClient.onConnect = (frame) => {     setConnected(true);     console.log('Connected: ' + frame);     stompClient.subscribe('/topic/greetings', (greeting) => {         showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body).content);     });      stompClient.subscribe('/user/topic/live', (greeting) => {         // showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body).content);         console.log('Live: ' + greeting);     });      stompClient.subscribe('/user/topic/foldback', (greeting) => {         // showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body).content);         console.log('foldback: ' + greeting);     }); };  stompClient.onWebSocketError = (error) => {     console.error('Error with websocket', error); };  stompClient.onStompError = (frame) => {     console.error('Broker reported error: ' + frame.headers['message']);     console.error('Additional details: ' + frame.body); };  function setConnected(connected) {     $("#connect").prop("disabled", connected);     $("#disconnect").prop("disabled", !connected);     if (connected) {         $("#conversation").show();     } else {         $("#conversation").hide();     }     $("#greetings").html(""); }  function connect() {     stompClient.activate();     stompClient2.activate(); }  function disconnect() {     stompClient.deactivate();     stompClient2.deactivate();     setConnected(false);     console.log("Disconnected"); }  function sendName() {     stompClient.publish({         destination: "/app/greetings",         body: JSON.stringify({'androidId': "abad123svbasd12", 'liveAction': "start"})     });      stompClient.publish({         destination: "/app/live",         body: JSON.stringify({'androidId': "abad123svbasd12", 'liveAction': "start"})     });      stompClient2.publish({         destination: "/app/greetings",         body: JSON.stringify({'androidId': "abad123svbasd12", 'liveAction': "start"})     });      stompClient2.publish({         destination: "/app/live",         body: JSON.stringify({'androidId': "abad123svbasd12", 'liveAction': "start"})     }); }  function showGreeting(message) {     $("#greetings").append("<tr><td>" + message + "</td></tr>"); }  $(function () {     $("form").on('submit', (e) => e.preventDefault());     $("#connect").click(() => connect());     $("#disconnect").click(() => disconnect());     $("#send").click(() => sendName()); });

这里我发起了两个连接，主要对比广播和一对一的user发送的效果。

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head>     <title>Hello WebSocket</title>     <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">     <link href="/main.css" rel="stylesheet">     <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>     <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@stomp/stompjs@7.0.0/bundles/stomp.umd.min.js"></script>     <script src="/app.js"></script> </head> <body> <noscript><h2 style="color: #ff0000">Seems your browser doesn't support Javascript! Websocket relies on Javascript being     enabled. Please enable     Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript> <div id="main-content" class="container">     <div class="row">         <div class="col-md-6">             <form class="form-inline">                 <div class="form-group">                     <label for="connect">WebSocket connection:</label>                     <button id="connect" class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Connect</button>                     <button id="disconnect" class="btn btn-default" type="submit" disabled="disabled">Disconnect                     </button>                 </div>             </form>         </div>         <div class="col-md-6">             <form class="form-inline">                 <div class="form-group">                     <label for="name">What is your name?</label>                     <input type="text" id="name" class="form-control" placeholder="Your name here...">                 </div>                 <button id="send" class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Send</button>             </form>         </div>     </div>     <div class="row">         <div class="col-md-12">             <table id="conversation" class="table table-striped">                 <thead>                 <tr>                     <th>Greetings</th>                 </tr>                 </thead>                 <tbody id="greetings">                 </tbody>             </table>         </div>     </div> </div> </body> </html>

查看浏览器，打开开发者工具

点击connect

查看这两个websocket的url，查看message订阅的uri。

/user/topic/live和/user/topic/foldback是指定user进行发送的。

/topic/greetings是进行广播。

点击send

根据上面 app.js 的代码，或者我们从message中也可以看到，我们向服务器send ：/app/greetings和 /app/live。

我们根据controller的代码，看到/app/greetings发送到此方法：

    @MessageMapping("/greetings")     @SendTo("/topic/greetings")     public RespVO greetings(@Payload LiveReq liveReq) throws Exception {         return new RespVO(200, "success", null);     }

SendTo注解，意思是广播。

    @MessageMapping("/live")     @SendToUser("/topic/live")     public RespVO live(@Payload LiveReq liveReq) throws Exception {          return new RespVO(200, "success", null);     }

SendToUser注解，则标识只向此发送 /app/live 的websocket 返回 /user/topic/live

在 app.js代码中，我们的两个websocket连接分别向服务器发送了 /app/greetings和 /app/live ，因此我们可以看到这两个websocket分别接受到了两个/topic/greetings和一个/user/topic/live。说明 /topic/greetings 确实是广播，/user/topic/live确实一对一的。

主动向浏览器发送message

    private SimpMessagingTemplate template;      @Autowired     public MobiController(SimpMessagingTemplate template) {         this.template = template;     }      @RequestMapping(path = "/foldback", method = GET)     public void foldback(FoldbackReq req) {         this.template.convertAndSendToUser(req.getAndroidID(), "/topic/foldback", req.toString());     }